●長文読解：高校入試、東京都平成23年度

これから高校受験をひかえているリプトンさんのご要望におこたえして、高校入試の長文読解について書きたいと思います。
「文法問題を長文の時に生かすコツ」というのがご質問でした。
一般論ではお互いに分かりづらいというか禅問答のようになってしまいますので、具体的な問題で考えたいと思います。
以下は平成23年度の東京都立高校の英語問題です。（大問４番を抜粋したものです）
東京都教育委員会のホームページに公開されているものです。
しかし文字が「画像」となっているために、全て私がタイピングをし直したものです。リプトンさん、そういうわけで問題アップが少し遅れたので許してくださいね。
先ず、長文読解の基本について、私のこの記事を読んでください。
そして以下の問題を解いてください！
リプトンさんだけでなく、皆さんどうぞ問題に取り組んで、自分の思う答、そして悩んだ点などをコメント欄に書いてください。
それを元に解説したいと思います。
では、頑張ってください！
　Hiroki was a third-year student at a junior high school. His school had a chorus contest in March every year. At the end of February, Hiroki and his *classmates were talking about the contest. They wanted to win it. Everyone around Hiroki knew he liked singing and sang very well. One of his classmates said, “Hiroki knows how to sing well. So I want Hiroki to become the *conductor of our chorus.” Everyone agreed. At first, Hiroki wanted to sing with his classmates. But, for his class, he finally agreed and became the conductor. They started to practice after school every day.
　There were two weeks until the contest. Hiroki wanted to make their chorus better and started to give *advice to his classmates. He stopped the practice very often to *complain about that. Linda, Hiroki’s classmate from America, said to him, “Hiroki, you give us a lot of advice, but we don’t understand it well.” She looked a little angry. Hiroki said, “Well, I’m going to sing now. Try to sing like me, everyone.” He began to sig in front of the class. His voice was very beautiful. Linda and the other students thought he was a really good singer. They still didn’t know how to sing well. But they stopped complaining and started to practice again. Their teacher, Mr. Nakao, was listening to them outside the classroom. He thought, “They are practicing hard. But they don’t have good *harmony. They don’t know that.”
　Only one week was left before the contest. Hiroki was worried about the chorus because it was not good yet. Akira, one of his classmates, often sang *off-key. Hiroki stopped the practice and complained to him, “We have practiced hard for a week. But we can’t do well because you sing off-key.” Then Linda shouted, “Stop, Hiroki!” She ran to Hiroki and said, “Akira has also practiced very hard. We all know you can sing very well, but that doesn’t mean you can say anything.” Hiroki was surprised because Linda was very angry. His classmates also looked angry. He didn’t know what to do and left the classroom.
　When Hiroki was going home, he thought, “I said something terrible to Akira. I will *apologize to him tomorrow. But what should I do for the class?” Then, he saw his little brother Ken. Ken was playing soccer with his friends in a park and looked very happy. Hiroki was surprised to see that because he knew Ken was not good at sports. Ken ususally didn’t play well, but his friends didn’t complain about that. Sometimes he played well, and his friends said, “Good, Ken!” Ken smiled and ran hard. At that time Hiroki thought, “Now I know what I should do for the class. I will practice singing together with my classmates. We need to help each other. That will make good harmony in our chorus.”
　The next day Hiroki said to his classmates, “I was wrong, everyone. I said something terrible to Akira. I’m sorry.” He said to Akira, “Let’s practice singing together. I’ll stand next to you today when we sing.” Akira smiled and said, “Thank you, Hiroki.” The other students also smiled. Hiroki said, “Linda, will you be the conductor today?” “Sure!” Linda answered. She said, “We don’t have much time until the contest. Let’s practice hard to win it!” Everyone said, “Yes!”　When Mr. Nakao came into the classroom, the students were singing. Hiroki was singing, too. They looked very happy because they were really enjoying singing. After the practice, Mr. Nakao said to them, “You are better than before!” Hiroki said, “Yes, we have good harmony now!”
[注]　
classmate クラスメート
conductor 指揮者
advice 助言
complain 不満を言う
harmony 調和
be worried about～　～を心配している
off-key 音程を外して
apologize to～　～に謝る
[問１]
They don’t know that.の内容を、次のように書き表すとすれば（　）の中に、下のどれを入れるのがよいか。
ア Linda is a little angry.
イ Hiroki is a really good singer
ウ they don’t have good harmony
エ only one week is left before the contest
[問２]
次のア～エの文を、本文の内容の流れに沿って並べ、順に記号を書け。
ア Hiroki stopped the practice and said something terrible to Akira.
イ Hiroki asked Linda to be the conductor and sang with his classmates.
ウ Hiroki started to give advice to his classmates to make their chorus better.
エ Hiroki thought his class needed to help each other and apologized to his classmates.
[問３]
次の（１）～（３）の文を、本文の内容と合うように完成するには（　）の中に、それぞれ下のどれを入れるのがよいか。
(1) Hiroki’s classmates wanted him to become the conductor because ( ).
ア he was not good at singing
イ they knew he didn’t like singing
ウ they thought he knew how to sing well
エ he really wanted to become the conductor
(2) Linda was very angry because ( ).
ア Akira often sang off-key
イ Hiroki left the classroom
ウ the chorus was not good yet
エ Hiroki said something terrible to Akira
(3) When Hiroki saw Ken in a park, ( ).
ア Ken looked very happy
イ Hiroki said to him, “Good, Ken!”
ウ Hiroki thought Ken was good at sports
エ one of Ken’s friends complained to Ken
[問４]
次の質問に英語で答えよ。
(1) What did Hiroki decide to do for the class after he saw Ken in a park?
(2) Why did the students look very happy when Mr. Nakao came into the classroom?
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「目が不自由な方のために」画像認証を外してみませんか？
よっちゃん先生（大森善郎）
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