●世界中の魚の供給は半数以上が養殖漁業でまかなわれる日も近い

VOAの音声はこちらです。
国連の食糧農業機関によると、養殖漁業の生産量は毎年6.6%も成長しており、世界の漁獲高の半分以上を占める日も遠くないということです。
養殖漁業は既に世界の漁獲量の46%を占めています。2008年の時点で売上高においては既に養殖漁業の方が従来の漁業を上回っています。
また養殖漁業の成長に伴い、世界の人々の魚を増える量は増え続け、昨年は１人あたり年間およろ17Kgの魚類を食べたことになるそうです。
その一方、従来からの漁業による漁獲量は年間およそ1,900万トンで横ばいです。これは海洋の漁獲資源の減少と漁獲制限が主な原因です。
現在の世界の人口増加率からすると、食料需要を満たしていくには今後10年間で養殖漁業を2倍に成長させる必要があるという説もあります。
国連の統計によると中国が世界の漁業生産量の1位であり、そして世界の養殖漁業の60%以上を占めているということです。
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国家の安全保障は武器だけではありません。国民の生命を保証するために水・食料を確保していくことは重要な国策です。日本はその危機管理について十分に対応しているでしょうか？
Fish Farms May Soon Supply More Than Half the World’s Catch
Traditional fisheries may no longer be the world’s most important provider of fish. A new United Nations report shows that fish farming or aquaculture may soon lead fish production.
The Food and Agriculture Organization says aquaculture is growing by a rate of 6.6 percent a year.
Aquaculture now produces forty-six percent of the world’s supply of fish. That represents a forty-three percent increase from two thousand six. The report also said aquaculture earned more money in two thousand eight than traditional fisheries.
The FAO headquarters in Rome published the document, “State of the World’s Fisheries and Aquaculture.”
In aquaculture, fish are raised in tanks or small bodies of water called ponds. They also are raised in cages or nets in oceans, lakes and rivers.
The report says increased aquaculture has helped people around the world eat record amounts of fish. The FAO says each person ate an average of almost seventeen kilograms of fish last year.
But the FAO says the current yearly wild-fish harvest of ninety million tons shows no improvement. Decreasing numbers of fish and stronger catch limits have reduced the possibilities for catching wild fish.
The FAO report says about thirty-two percent of world supplies are overfished, depleted or recovering. It said these supplies of fish need to be urgently rebuilt.
Some scientists have criticized aquaculture. They say the nets and cages permit fish diseases and pests to spread.
Some aquaculture critics doubt that aquaculture can keep growing at the current rate. But Wally Stevens of the trade group Global Aquaculture Alliance says the industry must continue developing to feed growing populations.
Mr. Stevens says a one hundred percent increase in fish farming over ten years is necessary to keep providing for people at the current level. He notes that aquaculture creates jobs and wealth, especially for people in coastal areas of China.
The FAO reports that China remains the world’s largest fish-producing nation. China produces more than sixty percent of the world’s farmed fish.

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